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Ahmose I (1570-1546)
Expulsion of the Hyksos invaders, unification of the state, and creation
of a new Dynasty. Burial:? Dra Abu el-Naga.
Amenhotep I (1551-1524) Military campaigns is
Kush, Nubia and possibly Libya. Burial:? Dra Abu el-Naga or ? tomb KV39
Valley of the Kings.
Tuthmosis I (1524-1518) A series of rapid and
effective military campaigns. Burial: Tombs KV20 & KV38 Valley of the
Kings.
Tuthmosis II (1518-1504) Married to half sister
Hatshepsut, they reigned together for around 14 years. Burial: ? Tomb KV42
Valley of the Kings.
Tuthmosis III (1504-1450) A young child when he
succeeded the throne, his aunt and stepmother Hatshepsut acted as regent
for the young king. After her death he finally became ruler in his own
right. Known for his many successful military campaigns. Burial: Tomb KV34
Valley of the Kings.
Queen Hatshepsut (1498-1483) The "female
pharaoh" who "usurped" Thutmose III. Most famous for her
trading expeditions to Punt and her mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahri.
Burial: Tomb KV20 Valley of the Kings.
Amenhotep II (1453-1419) Successful military
campaigns in Syria-Palestine and completion of Nubian temples at
Elephantine and Amada. Burial: Tomb KV35 Valley of the Kings.
Tuthmosis IV (1419-1386) Dream Stele on the Great
Sphinx of Giza, successful Nubian campaign, beautifully decorated private
tombs in the Theban necropolis. Burial: Tomb KV43 Valley of the Kings.
Amenhotep III (1386-1349) Long stable and
prosperous reign with little military activity. Much international trade.
Two statues at Thebes known as the "Colossi of Menmon" are all
that remains of his mortuary temple. Burial: Tomb KV22 Valley of the
Kings.
Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten (1350-1334) Revolutionary
"Amarna" period, and worship of the Aten sun disc. New
distinctive "realism" style of art, and new capital city
Akhetaten built in Middle Egypt. The famous cuneiform Amarna letters.
Burial: Akhetaten; subsequently ? Valley of the Kings.
Smenkhkare (1336-1334) Reigned as co-regent
during Akhenaten's last years. Possibly a younger brother of Akhenaten.
Burial: ? Tomb KV55 Valley of the Kings.
Tutankhaten/Tutankhamun (1334-1325)Only a child
when he succeeded the throne. Return to the old religion and cult of Amun.
Died young, aged around 17-19. Burial: Tomb KV62 Valley of the Kings.
Ay (1325-1321) Member of the royal court, married
Tutankamun's widow Ankhesenamun.
Horemheb (1321-1293) Military officer.
"Great Commander of the Army" under Akhenaten and "King's
Deputy" of Tutankhamun. Usurped monuments of Ay and Tutankhamun.
Burial: Tomb KV57 Valley of the Kings. |
Ramesses I (1293-1291)
Career army officer and Vizier of Horemheb. Short reign of only two years.
Burial: Tomb KV16 Valley of the Kings.
Seti I (1291-1278) Art and culture reached new
heights. Successful military campaigns into Syria-Palestine, and Libya.
First campaign against the Hittites. Building work begins on the Great
Hypostyle Hall at Karnak, and Temple of Abydos. Burial: Tomb KV17 Valley
of the Kings.
Ramesses II (1279-1212) Known as "The
Great". Long reign of 67 years, during which many great temples and
statues were erected. Victory over the Hittites at the Battle of Qadesh.
One of Egypt's most famous pharaohs. Burial: Tomb KV7 Valley of the Kings.
Merenptah (1212-1202) Ramesses' 13th son was
probably well into his 60's when he succeeded. Successful military
campaigns in Syria, Libya and Nubia. Used blocks from Amenhotep III's
mortuary temple to build his own mortuary temple. Burial: Tomb KV8 Valley
of the Kings.
Amenmesses (1202-1199) Instead of the crown
prince Seti-Merenptah ascending the throne, the little known Amenmesses
became king. Short four year reign. Burial: Tomb KV10 Valley of the Kings.
Seti II (1199-1193) May have been the previously
ousted prince. Burial: Tomb KV15 Valley of the Kings.
Siptah (1193-1187) Young son of Seti II whose
stepmother Twosret ruled in his name. When Siptah died in Year 6, Queen
Twosret assumed the throne. Burial: Tomb KV47 Valley of the Kings.
Queen Twosret (1187-1185) Wife of Seti II and
mother of his heir apparent who predeceased his father. Upon the death of
Siptah, Twosret declared herself pharaoh, using the full pharaonic titles
as Hatshepsut had done previously. Burial: Tomb KV14 Valley of the Kings.
Setnakhte (1185-1182) Little known king. Possibly
quelled a rebellion at the end of Twosret's reign. Burial: Tomb KV14
Valley of the Kings.
Ramesses III (1182-1151) Last great pharaoh of
Egypt. Long reign of over 31 years. Invasion and defeat of the "Sea
Peoples", and renewed campaigns against Libyan invasion. Mortuary
temple at Medinat Habu. Burial: Tomb KV11 Valley of the Kings.
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Ramesses IV
(1151-1145) Short reign of only 6 years. Expeditions to obtain stone for
statues and the turquoise mines in Sinai. Burial: Tomb KV2 Valley of the
Kings.
Ramesses V (1145-1141) Short reign of only
4 years. Possibility of a civil war being fought at this time. Burial:
Tomb KV9 Valley of the Kings.
Ramesses VI (1141-1133) Brother of
Ramesses V. Possibility that they had ruled jointly together, or perhaps
that Ramesses V was usurped by his brother and held captive until his
death. Burial Tomb KV9 Valley of the Kings.
Ramesses VII (1133-1126) Little is known
of this 7 year reign. Egypt economically unstable, civil unrest. Burial:
Tomb KV1 Valley of the Kings.
Ramesses VIII (1133-1126) Son of Ramesses
III, which possibly indicates an ongoing problem of rightful succession.
Short reign of only about a year. Burial: unknown.
Ramesses IX (1126-1098) Stable reign of
some 18 years. High priests of Amun gradually becoming more powerful.
Burial: Tomb KV6 Valley of the Kings.
Ramesses X (1108-1098) Little known. Burial: Tomb
KV18 Valley of the Kings. Never properly explored.
Ramesses XI (1098-1070) Long reign of 28 years.
Ramesses tomb in the Valley of the Kings had not been used for the king's
burial. Instead it had been used by the priests who organised the burial
of the Royal Cache as a workshop for stripping the mummies of valuables
and rewrapping them prior to reburial. Burial: location unknown. |
